The Epistemology of Error
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چکیده
______________________________________________________________________________ How do scientists know—and justify—that they have erred? Through the cases of bacterial mesosomes and beriberi, I examine the epistemic work in ascertaining error. Ultimately, an 'artifact' is a type of knowledge. The fact/artifact distinction (Hacking, Galison, Franklin) thus needs to be supplemented with a more fundamental resolved/uncertain distinction. The cases show the importance of error probes, actively pursuing possible sources of error (beyond merely verifying theoretical maps through positive instances). This yields what I call deep reliability. Alongside Mayo's framework for error statistics, this suggests a broader philosophical research program in error analytics. ______________________________________________________________________________
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تاریخ انتشار 2001